From Wikipedia:
Mafia (Russian: Ма́фия, also known as Werewolf, Assassin, Witch Hunt, Palermo Nights or Pirates) is a party game created in theUSSR by Dimitry Davidoff in 1986,[3] modelling a battle between an informed minority (the mafia) and an uninformed majority (the townspeople). Players are secretly assigned roles: either mafia, who know each other; or townspeople, who know only the number of mafia amongst them. In the game's night phase the mafia covertly "murder" a townsperson. During the day phase, all of the surviving players debate the identities of the mafia and vote to eliminate a suspect. Play continues until all of the mafia have been eliminated, or until the mafia outnumber (or equal) the townspeople.
EXAMPLE - Analysis of a mafia game from TeamLiquid, not trying to promote TL mafia as I don't play there anymore. The thread in the link will show you an example game and a VERY good players analysis of the events in said game. The game in question was played by many experienced players and probably has a lot of jargon that will be unfamiliar but hopefully it will help you gain a general idea of what mafia is.
Mafia, although usually a party game, is a game that I think is best played through a message board format (realtime chat formats like epicmafia or irc are astoundingly bad and unbalanced). Similar in style to games like The Ship or Spy Party (or even Assassin's Creed multiplayer, to an extent), Mafia is a competitive game that focuses on analyzing the behavior of other players.
The town faction and mafia faction all communicate in the thread during the two phases of the game (a 48 hour day cycle and 24 hour night cycle). However, the mafia are the only faction allowed to communicate with each other outside of the game thread. Only careful behavioral analysis will reveal the identities of the mafia as they try their best to act like good townsfolk and disrupt the discussion to keep the heat off of themselves. The game is best played with 11-30 players.
Town must look for certain tells (evidence of players having outside communication, bad or empty accusations, wishiwashiness and many others) and are given the hard task of differentiating between bad town players and actual mafia. Mafia must try their best to remain unsuspicious and avoid incriminating their teammates. A good mafia disrupts the town and encourages the lynch mobs that form around falsely accused town players.
There are a lot of options a host has to make his game interesting: from unique flavor (themed games, based on movies/original settings/video games/whatever) to special roles and abilities that are granted to players. It's kind of hard to explain in such a short post but it really is a blast especially if you fancy yourself as an armchair detective (or psychologist). There is a ton of depth to the game, really only limited to the analysis skills and imagination of the players in it. I used to host/play games pretty often at TeamLiquid and now that I've drifted away from that community, I'd be interested to see if the game could flourish at GiantBomb as well. Hopefully I've explained it well, if I actually created a gamethread would anyone be interested in giving it a try? If you have any questions about the game, go ahead and ask because I've only given a very bare explanation of what it is. It's kind of like a pen and paper rpg in that it's hard to really convey what the experience is like without actually throwing someone into a game.
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