http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Takur_Ghar
 
I was doing some research as to figure out how authentic most of the locations were in the game, and much to my surprise, it appears that not only are all of the locations real, but that the main story arc of the game is actually loosely based on real events. I found this pretty cool.
 

Operation Anaconda saw a lot of small groups of soldiers fighting Taliban. The goal was basically clear a specific area of mountains to kill a large volume of the threat. Do to the mountainous terrain, no "large" force could conduct operations while also being affective. This is why Cavalry Scouts and Air Assault units were called in. It's rare Rangers are utilized for that kind of mission, for they specialize in large group operations. American Special Forces in a traditional sense are not primarily for fighting, but to recon an area and build relationships with locals. For instance, a group of SF guys helped structure an Afghan resistance to the Taliban government. 

Key word "based"

Huh, that's pretty cool. I'll admit it was nice to play through a campaign story that actually seemed possible for a change.