During the Napoleonic invasion, the Valencians sent their representatives to the Cortes of Cadiz, where there was a liberal anti-seigneur national constitution. Ferdinand VII became king after the victorious end of the war on the peninsula, which liberated Spain from Napoleonic rule. When he returned from France on March 24, 1814, the Cortes demanded that the liberal constitution of 1812 be respected, which severely limited royal powers.
Ferdinand refused and went to Valencia instead of Madrid. Here on April 17, even more so, General Francisco Javier de Elio Winerez recovered his strength and put his troops at the disposal of the king. The king overturned the Constitution of 1812. He then dissolved the two chambers of the Spanish Parliament on 10 May. Thus began six years (1814–1820) of absolutist rule, but the constitution was restored during the Trienio Liberal, a period of three years of liberal rule in Spain from 1820 to 1823.
An ardent supporter of absolutism, Elio played a role in the repression of supporters of the Constitution of 1812. For this he was arrested in 1820 and executed in 1822 by strangulation. The conflict between absolutists and liberals continued, and the period of conservative rule, called the Sinister Decade (1823-1833), followed the Liberal Trienio, which took place ruthless repression by government forces and the Catholic Inquisition. The last victim of the Inquisition was Gaeta Ripoli, a teacher accused of being a deist, a freemason who was hanged in Valencia in 1824.
Valencia with its city walls in the 1830s Alfred Gesdon
After the death of King Ferdinand VII in 1833, Baldomero Espartero became one of the most ardent defenders of the inheritance rights of the future king's daughter Isabella II. With the outbreak of the First Carlist War, the government sent him to the front, where he defeated the Carlists in many battles. He was associated with the radical or progressive wing of Spanish liberalism and became its symbol and champion after the victory over the Carlists in 1839.
During the regency of Maria Cristina, Espartero ruled Spain for two years as the 18th Prime Minister from September 16, 1840 to May 21, 1841. Under his progressive government, the old regime was poorly reconciled with its liberal policies. During this period of turmoil, the province announced that all the estates of the church, its congregations and religious orders were national property, although in Valencia most of this property was acquired by the local bourgeoisie. Isabella II's reign as an adult (1843–1868). and growth for Valencia. Services and infrastructure, municipal water supply, paved roads and gas distribution. Gas lighting was introduced in 1840, and shortly after the public works project, cobblestones began to be paved the streets, which took several years due to a lack of municipal funds.
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The public water supply network was completed in 1850, and in 1858 the architects Sebastian Monleon Esteles, Antonino Sancho and Timoteo Calvo designed a general expansion of the city that included the demolition of its ancient walls (printed in 1868)). None of the proposed projects received final approval, but they did serve as a guide, although not closely monitored, for future growth. By 1860, the municipality had 140,416 inhabitants, since 1866 the ancient city walls were almost completely demolished to facilitate the expansion of the city. Electricity was introduced to Valencia in 1882.
During the cantonal revolution of 1873, a cantonal uprising occurred during the First Spanish Republic, the city was merged with most of the nearby towns in the federal canton of Valencia (proclaimed on July 19 and dissolved on August 7). It lacked the revolutionary zeal of such cities as initiated by the bourgeoisie; the Mad government sent General Martinez-Campos to crush the uprising by force of arms and subdue the Valencia bombardment. The city surrendered on August 7; Alfonso XII was proclaimed king on December 29, 1874 and arrived in Valenso on January 11, 1875 on his way to Madrid, marking the end of the first republic. Despite the restoration of Bourbon, a roughly equal balance between conservatives and liberals in government was maintained in Valencia until universal male suffrage in 1890, after which the Republicans, led by Vicente Blasco Ibanez, won significantly more votes.
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In the second half of the 19th century, the bourgeoisie filled the development of the city and its additions; the landowners were enriched by the cultivation of oranges and other crops. This boom was in line with the revival of local traditions and the Valencian language, which had been relentlessly suppressed since the time of Philip V. Around 1870, the Valencian Renaissance, a movement committed to the revival of Valencia. language and traditions began to prevail. In the early stages, the movement tended to spread the Valencian language. Theodor Llorente and resisted the more persistent romanticism of Constantin Llombart, the founder of the still existing cultural society Lo Rat Penat, which is dedicated to the promotion and spread of the Valencian language. and culture.
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