It's sad to see that diabetes has become a common illness in this day and age. But on the flip side, the medical world has a lot more experience with treating diabetes because of it.
The brain is a peculiar organ, it can only use sugar (glucose) as an energy source. Sugar levels in blood is regulated by insulin, but insulin is a must for the brains to take up sugar from the bloodstream. With diabetes, you have either an impaired insulin regulation or a totally absent one.
There are two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes can pretty much occur at any age and usually runs in the family. It is called the insuline-dependant type diabetes mellitus because of a total insuline deficiency. You can become hypoglycemic very fast and if you do not use insuline at appropiate times, which can ultimately lead to death if it is a prolonged hypoglycemia.
Type 2 is a relative-insuline deficiency, you have some insuline but not enough or does not work as intended. This occurs from adult ages onwards and is associated with obesity and other unhealthy life styles. It occurs more often in families that have diabetes as a familial condition but it's not inheritible.
Depending on her type of diabetes, which I'm almost certain of it being type 1 diabetes.
Diabetic Keto-Acidosis, abbreviated as DKA, is a condition in which the body uses fat(ty acids) to convert into sugar-like molecules for the brains to take up if sugar metabolism is impaired. While you might think it's something good, the byproduct is pure acid. This acid makes your bloodstream acidic which can endanger your life.
Due to decreased (or totally absent) insulin, your brain is actually starving to death. You can go in comas, have trouble with vision, uncontrollable shaking, breaking out cold sweats, looking pale etc. I won't touch on diabetes type 2 on how that differs but diabetes is a pretty serious condition, don't underestimate it.
The long-term effects of diabetes is a pretty long list, with most notabily being kidney-failure, vision loss or blindness, heart attacks, loss of (tactile) feel on the limbs and impaired wound healing.
But you can rest assured that with supervision of the doctor and with treatment, but also YOU who needs to support your mother and keep an eye on her, things will be fine. Take good care of your mother and I wish you and your family the best of luck dealing with this.
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